Breaking through the key technologies of rare earth separation

On the same day, engineer Wang Yanliang also showed the centrifugal extraction rare earth separation process that the team is developing.

Strategic layout promotes technology and economic integration

Huang Yidong, secretary of the Party Committee of the Haixi Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said, “The results of the Xiamen Rare Earth Materials Research Institute show that the establishment of an open “Haixi Innovation Group – Regional R&D Center – Strategic Emerging Industry” technology innovation system has achieved initial success.

In fact, on the basis of the Fujian Institute of Physical Education of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian Province and Fuzhou City, the Haixi Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is an important reform measure for the reform of the science and technology system of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the combination of science and technology and economy, and is unique to Fujian Province. Rare earth resources, layout Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials.

It is reported that the institute has set up 8 industrial R&D teams including Rare Earth Recycling Technology R&D Team, Rare Earth Efficient Clean Separation Team and Bio-Detection Technology R&D Team.

In late November, with the support of the Science Communication Bureau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences organized a media reporter, Fujian Branch. Whether in Fuzhou Fujian Institute of Construction, Zhongke Guangxin and Fujing Technology, or in Putian Huafeng Group, or in Xiamen Rare Earth Materials Research Institute and Quanzhou Equipment Manufacturing Research Institute, what makes the reporter feel the deepest is that Haixi Research The institute promotes the transformation of scientific and technological innovation and results, promotes the close integration of science and technology, and creates positive explorations and achievements in the interactive science and technology innovation value chain of “frontier science (original research and development) – transformation technology – industrial demonstration”.

Researcher Yan Ronghui, deputy director of the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, who is traveling with reporters, believes that the hospital has built a distinctive transformation mechanism for results, and at the same time has created a good experience in stimulating the vitality of innovation and entrepreneurship and exploring the combination of technology, capital and industry. .

R&D of new technologies for rare earth separation needs to be strengthened

Rare earth is a world-recognized strategic resource for developing high-tech, cutting-edge defense technology and transforming traditional industries. It is a treasure trove of new materials in the 21st century. There are more than 70% of the world's heavy-earth resources in the ion-type ore in southern China, but the utilization situation at this stage is not very optimistic, and the process of separation will cause vegetation damage, soil erosion and environmental pollution.

For the research of this "super industrial MSG", the team led by Sun Xiaoqi, a researcher at the Xiamen Rare Earth Institute, is full of passion and pursuit. They face clean, efficient ionic rare earth mining and metallurgy required gold integration process development, separation of key technologies research and development a major breakthrough in the rare earth efficient and clean, obtain Vice Premier Liu Yandong highly. At present, the industrial test carried out by the team is proceeding smoothly, and has established a strategic cooperative relationship with the Ganzhou Municipal Government, and has carried out substantive cooperation with Xiamen Tungsten Industry, Luzhou Rare Earth, and Jidong Rare Earth.

China is the world's largest country in the production of rare earths. The research on rare earth separation chemistry and engineering has made great progress, but the rare earth separation industry still has serious problems such as environmental pollution and low resource utilization. With the improvement of China's environmental protection standards and the rapid growth of demand for high-purity heavy rare earths at home and abroad, the problems in the separation process of ionic rare earth ore are urgently needed to be solved. However, it is difficult for enterprises to optimize their defects by adjusting process parameters. The key scientific problem in the development of clean and efficient rare earth separation process is to develop new extraction systems and separation processes.

Breakthrough in key technology research and development

Researcher Zhang Yun, deputy director of Xiamen Rare Earth Materials Research Institute, said: "It is our responsibility to address national needs, industry common problems and solve enterprise technical problems." He said that Sun Xiaoqi team has carried out a large number of applied basic research and strived to develop high. Performance rare earth separation system to solve the key scientific problems in the process of transition from application basic research to industrialization of rare earth separation process.

Researchers use the world's cutting-edge technology to systematically study basic scientific issues such as solution coordination chemistry, extractant design, extraction thermodynamics, extraction kinetics, extraction mechanism, and separation materials involved in the development of high-efficiency clean rare earth separation processes. Obtained important research results in stages. Innovative work was published in the journals of the American Society of Chemical Engineers, the American Chemical Society's Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, and was selected as the British Chemical Society's Global Award.

At the same time, they also cooperated with the state-owned large rare earth group to apply the research and development technology to industrial trials. The ionic liquid saponification technology developed by the team in cooperation with Xiamen Tungsten Co., Ltd., based on the ion association mechanism, can effectively avoid the above problems from the extraction mechanism. Existing industrial tests showed no phosphorus extractant cost, complete localization used; colinear total amount of ammonia nitrogen wastewater standards significantly lower emissions of rare earth industry.

The Xiamen Rare Earth Institute also cooperated with the Luzhou Rare Earth Group to study the recovery of rare earth and radioactive elements in the waste residue. It was found that the rare earth content in the slag is more than 130 times that of the original mountain content, but the valuable rare earth elements and radioactive elements recovered therein are very large. challenge. The characteristics of the radioactive waste, team application of new extraction system, industrial test is proceeding well, through waste acid dissolution and extraction, acid-infusion rare earth recovery was more than 92% recovery of greater than 90% of the radioactive thorium; separating the resulting lutetium The purity of the product is greater than 99%. In the wastewater, the residual strontium content reaches the emission standard of rare earth industrial pollutants.

The team of Haixi Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences also cooperated with well-known institutions at home and abroad such as the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in the United States to carry out engineering technology research to improve the utilization rate of rare earth ions in China. This research is conducive to significantly reduce acid and alkali consumption, can save direct production costs of 25% to 30%, with significant indirect economic and social benefits.

"From the perspective of energy, with the rapid development of nuclear energy in China, uranium and plutonium associated with rare earth ore have attracted wide attention." Zhang Yun said that the work carried out by Sun Xiaoqi's team will help promote the development of primary nuclear fuel separation and purification technology in China. . It is reported that in order to further realize the large-scale high value of rare earth, the low-cost R&D high-purity ultra-fine rare earth powder industrial production demonstration line preparation technology product established by the team and the Luzhou Rare Earth Group has sold hundreds of kilograms, and the unit price of the product is higher than ordinary. Rare earths are 60% higher and have been used in high-tech fields such as satellite antennas.

“The demonstration and promotion of this important research result is on the way.” Cao Rong, director of the Institute of Material Structure of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that he will follow the basic scientific issues found in engineering technology and apply the results of the basic research to industrial practice. Establish a 1,000-ton industrialization demonstration project, accelerate the promotion of research and development technology in the industry, and make a real contribution to the development of China's ion-type rare earth separation industry and the development of national economy.

A valve is a device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. Valves are technically fittings, but are usually discussed as a separate category. In an open valve, fluid flows in a direction from higher pressure to lower pressure. The word is derived from the Latin valva, the moving part of a door, in turn from volvere, to turn, roll.

The simplest, and very ancient, valve is simply a freely hinged flap which drops to obstruct fluid (gas or liquid) flow in one direction, but is pushed open by flow in the opposite direction. This is called a check valve, as it prevents or "checks" the flow in one direction. Modern control valves may regulate pressure or flow downstream and operate on sophisticated automation systems.

Valves have many uses, including controlling water for irrigation, industrial uses for controlling processes, residential uses such as on/off and pressure control to dish and clothes washers and taps in the home. Even aerosols have a tiny valve built in. Valves are also used in the military and transport sectors. In HVAC ductwork and other near-atmospheric air flows, valves are instead called dampers. In compressed air systems, however, valves are used with the most common type being ball valves.

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